American Beech is a long-living tree with leaves that emerge yellow and mature to dark green before taking on a golden-bronze fall color, striking against the smooth, silvery bark.
It is a larval host to several butterfly and moth species, and birds and mammals relish its beechnuts, which are edible.
Beech often has a short trunk and large crown. It is a large tree overall and perfect for large lawns and parks.
A word of caution: there are several invasive insects going after beech trees. Read more about Beech Bark Disease and Beach Leaf Disease.
Fun fact: Unlike most trees, beeches retain their smooth, silvery bark as they age, making them a favorite for carving initials and dates -- as Daniel Boone is said to have done on a beech that lived for 365 years. (Arborday Foundation)
American Beech
- Latin: Fagus grandifolia
- Pollinator Value: Medium
- Current height: 2-3 feet
- Mature height: 50-70 feet, with a spread of 30-40 feet or more
- Growth rate: Slow to medium (from less than 12” to 24” per year)
- Light: Full sun to part shade
- Soil: Moist
- Landscape uses: Considered both a shade and ornamental tree; also used as a hedge.